Steam-boiler



No. 6||,407. Patented Sept. 27, I898.

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STEAM BOILER.

(Application med Mar. 22, 1 897.) (No Model.) 3 SheetsSheat I.

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No. 151 407. Patented Sept. 27, I898.

P. F. nuuoon.

STEAM BOILER.

(Application filed Mar. 22, 1897.,

(No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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Patented Sept. 27, I898.

P. F. DUNDUN.

STEAM BOILER. (Application filed Mar. 22, 1897.)

3 Sheets-:Sheet 3.

(N0 Mqdel.)

Inn/entou- Witnesses.-

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I'IE STATES PATENT Trice.

PATRICK F. DUNDON, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 611,407, dated September 27, 1898.;

Application filed March 22, 1897. i

To all whom it ma concern.-

Be it known that I, PATRICK F. DUNDON, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of San Francisco, State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of steamboilers wherein a tubulous structure contains the water to be evaporated by means of heat externally applied to tubes and connected chambers.

My improvements consist in a novel arrangement of the generating or heating surfaces, whereby such surfaces are much increased within a given space, and provision for a general and free intercirculation of Water throughout the whole of the various elements composing the boiler, each unit or section being connected with all other units or sections and all these with cross-drums extending from side to side; in an improved method of covering the outer ends of the tube chambers or heads to avoid internal flanges and permit free access to the tubes for cleaning implements; in constituting one of the cross-drums a bridge-wall to receive the hottest flames of the furnace; in so disposing all the other parts of the boiler as to permit free access thereto for cleaningor other purpose; in full exposure of all crossdrums, including in part the superheater or steam-drum, to the hot gases of the furnace, and in various other features hereinafter more fully explained in connection withthe draw-' ings and set forth in the claims at the end of this specification.

The objects of my invention will bepointed out in connection with the description to follow.

Referring to the draWings,Figure I is a front elevation, some parts being in section, of a tubular marine steam-boiler constructed according to my invention. Fig. II is a side elevation of the same boiler with the furnacecasing removed in front. Fig. III is a longitudinal section through one of the chambers or heads arranged to receive seven tubes. Fig. IV is a partial front View of one of the covering-plates for the tube-chambers. Fig. V is an oblique view of one of the tube-cham- Serial a. 628,561. (No model.)

bers with sections of the therein.

Like numerals of reference apply to corresponding parts throughout.

Referring to Figs. I and II, it will be seen that the boiler consists of the following steamgenerating elements: a series of units composed of clusters of tubes 1 set in a diagonal position and provided at each end with tube chambers or heads 3, the latter inclosed at the outer ends by the covers 2, screwed on the ends of the chambers, as seenin Fig. III; a series of cross-drums at, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, connecting freely with each other and with the inclined units composed of the tubes 1; aseries of vertical tubes at the sides, also connecting with the cross-drums by means of the pipes 32 35, as seen in Fig. II.

The boilers when constructed for marine purposes are provided with a base 12, an outer casing 13, an inner refractory lining 14:, a firefront 15, and an uptake or chimney 16 in the usual manner of mounting such boilers. The fire-front is provided With doors 1?, giving access to the flue-chambers 3, fuel-doors 18 opening to the furnace l9, and ash-doors 20 at the bottom.

The tube-chambers 3 connect in tiers diagonally or vertically, as may be preferred,

tubes attached one with another, by the nipples 21, as seen in Fig. I, and the top rowof chambers are connected by the nipples 22 with the drum 5, these nipples being large enough: in size to permit a free flow of steam into this drum 5 and through the pipes 23 to the steam-drum 4, from Where it passes out at the nipple 24k to the place of use; The tube-chambers 3 also connect downward by the nipples 26 to the drum 7, and this latter to the drum 5 by means of the pipes 27, and this drum connects to the bridge-wall drum 8 by the pipes 28. The drum 8 is connected by the pipes 29 to the one 9, and the latter to the drum 6 by pipes 30. This circuit is then completed by the pipes 31, connecting the drums 4 and 6, as seen in Fig. II.

The pipes 23, 27, 28, 29, 30, and 31 being intended for circulation are placed outside of the furnace, as seen in Fig. I.

The vertical tubes 10, placed at each side of the furnace, are fastened in and connect I the pipes 34 35 to the drums and 7.

the two large tubes 32 33, extending horizontally, to the drums 6 and 9 and vertically by In this manner it may be seen the whole of the interior of the boiler is open and communicating one part with another, permitting free circulation in every direction,as the effects of the heat and tendency of the currents may decide.

The cross-drums are disposed in pairs, two at the front, two in the middle, and two at the rear end ofthe furnace, as seen in Fig. II. The front pair of drums 5 and 7 are directly connected by the pipes 27, the two center drums 4 and 8 by the pipes 49, and the two drums 6 and 9 by pipes 30, all these lastnamed pipes being placed outside the furnace and serving for circulation only.

The drum 8, as may be seen, replaces a bridge-wall and receives the hottest flames and gases of combustion, and for this reason becomes a focal center of circulation, and being disposed in the center of the various elements that compose the boiler and being supplied with water by means ofthe pipes 49 directly from the water-spaceir'i' the main drum 4 circulation may be said to radiate from this drum. The flames after impinging on the front side of this drum pass over the top and lap around it on the rear side, so that it is enveloped in the hottest gases throughout two-thirds or more of its surface.

In the case of stationary or land boilers the vertical tubes 10- and the large tubes 34 35 at the sides of the furnace and boiler can be omitted, the space occupied by these. f urnishing room for side walls of masonry, and the omission of these elements from the boiler only reduces the heating-surface and does not in any manner interfere with the operation or efficiency of other parts of the boiler.

The drums 7, 8, and 9, it will be seen, are placed at different levels, descending from the front and hottest part of the furnace down to the lowest drum 9 and are connected by larger pipes, inclined or level, from the front drum 7, so that sediment of all kinds is carried back to the lowest or mud drum 9 at the rear of the boiler and furnace.

This elaborate system of intercommunication throughout the boiler has other objects besides the free circulation permitted. It provides for the deposition of sediment in the drum 9, the free rising and consequent dry state of the steam in the drum 4, and permits every portion of the boiler to be reached and cleaned.

The pipes 32 33 are provided with manholes 52 53, as seen in Fig. II, and the inclined cluster of tubes 1 are reached from either end by removing when required the caps 2. For ordinary cleaning, however, the tubes 1 are accessible by means of the plugs or hand-hole plates 36. (Seen enlarged in Figs. III and IV.) All the cross-drums are provided with manholes, as seen in Fig. II, so as to be entered for cleaning or other purpose.

Reverting 110w to the tube chambers or heads 3, these are made of ductile metal. The tubes 1 are set in the back or inner heads 37in the usual manner and may be of any number, depending on the size of the tubes and limits of construction for the chambers 3. The said tube chambers or heads 3 are set at an angle in a refractory wall 54, as shown in Fig. II, so as to be flame-tight, thereby preventing access of heat and moisture to the chamber caps or covers 2, which might cause corrosion of the joints, and permitting free access to them for inspection and removal through the doors 17 The outer ends of these heads or chambers 3 are closed by the covers 2, attached to the exterior of the chamber or heads 3,preferably by means of screw-threads, asshown, so as to leave the Whole area of the internal chamber clear for the use of con structing and cleaning implements. In a groove 39 around the covers 2 is a soft-metal gasket 40, that bears 011 the ends or edges of the chambers 2, forming a secure joint that cannot be melted or blown out under any pressure, being below the water-line, and consequently protected from extreme heat, as is all other portions of the boiler liable to injury from that cause. This construction of the tube-chambers 3 attains an important result in permitting cleaning implements whose diameter equals the bore of the tubes to be inserted and removed in a straight line, and consequently, as in the case of brushes and scrapers, to have a length exceeding that of the tubes and chambers; also, because of there being no internal flanges or other obstructions within the chambers the tubes can be set as close to the outside walls as constructive conditions permit, thus reducing the diameter and cost of the chambers themselves, as well as adding greatly to the convenience of setting the tubes and in cleaning them.

For the purpose of inspecting and cleaning the tubes 1 I provide the removable plates 36, preferably of non -'corrosive metal and screwed in so as to fit at the bottom on a ledge or flange 41, where a ring of copper or other thin packing can be used, if required. These plugs or plates 36 can be substituted with hand-hole plates of the ordinary con-' struction, but are more convenient when made in the manner shown.

In the plugs or plates 36 is sunk polygonal chambers 42 to receive a key for inserting and removing them. The heads 2 are screwed on or off by means of turning-bars inserted between the lugs 43, four being provided on each head for this purpose.

To diffuse the hot gases in the furnace, there are transverse baffling-plates 44 45 introduced between the clusters of tubes 1 and arranged in any suitable manner to interrupt the course of the flames and hot gases from the furnace 19 and prevent their direct passage to the chimney 16.

The boiler can be supported on stands, as at 51 47, or be suspended from the top. In the case of land boilers and for setting in masonry the vertical side tubes 10 and horizontal tubes 32 33 can be omitted, the side walls of the furnace occupying the plane of these tubes.

To prevent overheating of the outer casing 13, an air-space 46 is provided all around the refractory lining 14, communicating with the chimney l6 and with air-inlets 48 at the bottom, as seen in Fig. I.

To prevent the flames and hot gases from passing longitudinally around the chambers 3 and to protect the heads 2 from intense heat, I provide a partition or wall 54, preferably of a refractory material, such as asbestos, where the surfaces are large, and of special brick or cast-iron plates between the chambers 3, where there are provided holes 55 to receive a steam-nozzle for blowing off or cleaning the tubes 1 from soot and ashes. The rear tier of chambers 3 are similarly protected by a partition or wall 54, as seen in the section, Fig. 11.

Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention, what I claim is 1. In a steam-boiler, upper cross-drums 4, 5 and 6, in combination with lower crossdrums 7, 8 and 9, located in positions successively descending from the front, one over the furnace-grates, one on the bridge-wall, and one at the lowest point, said drums being connected by pipes 28, 29, and also by vertical pipes with the said upper cross-drums, substantially as specified.

2. In a steam-boiler, upper cross-drums 4, 5 and 6, the middle one the higher, connected by pipes 23, 31., in combination with lower cross-drums 7, 8 and 9, located in positions successively descending from the front, one over the furnace-grates, one on the bridgewall, and one at the lowest point, said drums being connected by pipes 28, 29 leading from the bottoms of drums 7 and 8 respectively to the sides of drums 8 and 9 respectively, and also connected by vertical pipes with the said upper cross-drums, substantially as specified.

3. In a steam-boiler, a series of upper crossdrums 4, 5 and 6, connected by pipes 23, 31, a descending series of lower cross-drums 7, 8, 9, connected by pipes 28, 29, vertical pipes connecting the drums of the upper with those of the lower series, in combination with a series of unit pipe-clusters 1 diagonally placed, each unit provided at each end with tube chambers or heads 3 inclosed at the outer ends by removable covers, the said unit clusters being in communication with the said upper and lower cross-drums, substantially as specified.

4. In a steam-boiler, a series of upper crossdrums 4, 5, 6, connected by pipes, a descending series of lower cross-drums 7, 8, 9, connected by pipes, the middle drum of the series located on the bridge-wall, vertical pipes connecting the upper with the lower series, horizontal pipes 32, 33, connected with drums 9 and 6 respectively,vertical pipes 34, 35, connecting said horizontal pipes with drums 5 and 7, and a series of vertical pipes 10, connecting said horizontal pipes 32, 33, substantially as specified.

5. In a steam-boiler, a series of upper crossdrums 4, 5, 6, connected by pipes, a descending series of lower cross-drums 7, 8, 9 connected by pipes, the middle drum of the series located on the bridge-wall, vertical pipes connecting the upper with the lower series, horizontal pipes 32, 33, connected with drums 9 and 6 respectively, vertical pipes 34, 35, connecting said horizontal pipes with drums 5 and 7, and a series of vertical pipes 10, connecting said horizontal pipes 32, 33, in combination with a series of unit clusters 1 diagonally placed, each unit provided at each end with tube chambers orheads 3 inclosed at the outer ends by removable covers, the said unit clusters being in communication with the said upper and lower cross-drums,

substantially as specified.

6. In a steam-boiler of the water-tube type, multiple tubes arranged in groups terminated at the ends by tube chambers or heads 3 inclosing a clear area or space of the full diameter of the group, and closed at the outer ends by interiorly-screw-threaded and gasketed caps or covers 2, said chambers or heads being set in the refractory wall 54 whereby heat and moisture from the firechamber are cut off from the screw-threaded caps and access is afforded thereto, substantially as specified.

7. In a steam-boiler of the water-tube type, the cross-drum 8 set above the level of the grate, occupying the place of a bridge-wall, at the hottest portion of the furnace, in combination with cross-drums 7 and 9, at different levels, having horizontal connections therewith, and upper cross-drums with vertical connections communicating with the said lower cross-drums, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

PATRICK F. DUNDON.

Witnesses:

JAMES L. KING, W. N. KEMPSTON. 

